Geodetical universal instrument.



H. VON WINTERHALDER. GEODETIGAL UNIVERSAL INSTRUMENT.

APPLICATION FILED APR. 1, 1914.

1,114,422; Patented Oct. 20. 1914.

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THE NORRIS PETERS C0.. PHOTo-LITHQ. WASHINGTON. D C.

, HERMANN m s v oN WINTERHAL DE R," or KnosT RNEUB RG, NEAR VI NNA, I AUSTRIA-HUNGARY. Q

cEonErIcAL UNIVERSAL INSTRUMENT.

To all whom it may concern:

,Be it known that I, H R Biri iiiivon' VVIIQTERHALDER, a subject of nrs'ninperor of gary, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Geodetical Unlversal I11- 'struments; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same,

This invention relates to geodetical universal instruments.

According tomy invention the telescope carrier is constructed as a diopter that'is to say it comprises two sights connected by a rule and is readily detachable from the other parts ofthe instrument. Therefore my improved universal instrument can be usedfor measuring horizontal and vertical angles as Well as for determining slopes anddistances and also for work on; the surveyors table.

In the drawing Figure 1 is a sideelevation and Fig. 2 is a plan of. a geodetic universal instrument, the tubes of the telescope being omitted in Fig. 2. l

The stand 1 carries a horizontal circle 2; an arm 3 journaled at 1 is adapted to turn above the circle 2. At one endof thisarm' an elevation screw 5 is mounted on which rests the telescope carrier and which consists of'a diopter rule 6 with-end plates 7.

One end 8 of the arm 8 is .providedwith two,

screws 9 in alinemcnt with each other and engaging into marks in the diopter rule so that the latter is adapted to turn around the common axis of the twoscrews in a vertical plane. To one of the end plates 7 the, objective end 10'and to the other end plate the ocular end 11 of the telescope is secured; 12'indicates the telescope tubes.

The vertical circle or are is securedat 14 to the arm 3 and is preferably provided with two scales, an angle scale 15 and a slope scale 16, and corresponding verniers secured to the diopter rule. For finally adjusting the instrument as to azimuth and elevation the usual micrometer-screws are provided. The elevatlon screw is preferably provided with a head having a scale for reading fine adjustments. 7 I

19 is a water level onthe diopter rule and 20 is a compass.

As the axis of the elevation circle is not in i *Spificaticn of Iiette'rsjPatent Application 51 a April 1, 1914. .Seria1:1\T0. 82S,733.

Patented 0.515.120.1914.

the same vertical plane as the. of, the

ter axis opposite the elevation screw the stability ofthe instrument is warranted. even in case vof comparatively [large depression. angles. The lnstrument s therefore sultable for determining. horizontal and vertical angles, asalso for measuring slopes and distancesor ranges. After turning downward the objective end of the telescope so far that horizontal circle! but on-thefside oftherlat the diopter rule is disengaged from thever- I tical arc and after unscrewing onset, the

screws 9 the diopter'together with telescope vmay be readily removed. by slightly inclin-f ing'the ,diopter rule for. using the same on the surveyors table. I In order that the instrument may be used plates is. provided with, an opening or, openings and the other with a cross hair. The tubes of; the telescope may be removed an Q without the telescope one of the supporting from the endslO 'andl'lso that for instance j the compass may be conveniently read; Of

course a complete telescope may be remov-' ably attached to the diopter-rule. The in-] in mines.

Claims: I 1. In a geodetlcal universal instrument the combination ofa ,l1orizontal circle,- a

vertical arc, an arm carrying said are and adapted to turn around the axis of the horizontal circle, a diopter,'means for detachably pivoting thediopter: to said arm in the center of thevertical are means for turning,

such diopter aroundits pivots and a tele C scope supported in said diopter.

a 8 strument may also be used with advantage i 2. In a geodetical universal instrument tical arc, an arm carrying said arc and the combination of a horizontal circle, a verzontal circlefa dioptenalinedpointed screws 1 in thesaid arm, located'inthe axls of the said vertical arc and engaging the dlopter,

an elevation screw screwed into thesaid arm g the diopterand a telescope and supportin supported in the said ,dlopter.

3.111" a. geodetical universalinstrument the combination of a horizontal'circle, a vertical arc, an arm carrying said are and adapted'toturn around the axis of therhori'izontal circle a diopter, means fordeta'chably pivoting the diopter tosaid arm in the center of the vertical are at one side of theaxis of the horizontal circle, means 'mo'unted on ported in the said diopter.

4:. In a geodetical universal instrument the COlIlblllitlZlOIl or a horlzontal circle, a vertical L1TO,'2tl1 arm carrying said are and adapted toturn around the axis of the horizontal circle a diopter, means for detachably 1O pivotingthe diopter t0 the said arm in the center of the vertical arc, means for turning such diopter around its pivots and a telescope and a compass supported in the said diopter. I

In-testimony-whereof, I aifix my signature, in presence of two witnesses.

,HERMANN BITTER VON WINTERHALDER. WVitnesses:

ARTHUR BAUMANN, AUGUST FUGGER.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents, v Washington, D. C. 

